Steven
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In the recent past, the term, “Human Resources
Management” has begun to be used instead of personnel management or personnel
administration. This is due to the fact that people employed in the
organization are resources which are as important, if not more important than financial
or material resources. Like fund and materials, people in the health care
sector must be given careful and expert attention to enable them maximally
utilize other resources of the health care sector.
With improvement in the education of people and the
development of trade unions, not many employees will want to submit passively
to manipulations or dictatorial or autocratic control by management. Many
employees expect and demand some degree of involvement in decision making,
particularly with issues affecting their job performance.
More importantly, some personnel management
techniques such as performance appraisal, job evaluation, training and
management by objective can only be successfully implemented with the consent
and support of the employees. Human resources (workers) are now regarded as the
most important assets of the health care sector because the success and failure
of health services is largely dependent on the caliber of its workforce.
People represent the most flexible resources available
to the senior managers of the health care sector. Deploying people in the right
numbers, with the right skills and in the right place is fundamental to
success. Personnel specialist can play a central role in assisting with the
planning of human resource requirements of the health care sector.
Human resource planning is a systematic approach to
the acquisition, use and deployment of people in an organization. It is viewed
as a corporate activity arising from the objectives of the health sector and leading
to specific plans for recruitment, training, promotion etc.
The basic component of maintaining human resource is
a complete understanding of their performance in the organization. This
understanding comes from the employee appraisal and can lead to rational
training and development of employees through discipline, promoting, transfers,
demotions and separations.
Once the human resource is sufficiently effective,
there is bound to be prudent material management. This is because human
resources will ensure adequate utilization and evaluation of both employees and
materials.
1.2 STATEMENT OF
RESEARCH PROBLEMS
This study is aimed at providing answers to general
questions. But specific problems of the study which it aim to address are:
1.
What
is Human Resources Management?
2.
What
are the functions of Human Resources Management?
3.
What
is the relevance of Human Resources Management to health care providers?
4.
What
is the effect of Human Resources Management on patients in the health care
sector?
5.
How
does Human Resources Management help in the development of the health care
sector?
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF
THE STUDY
The specific objectives of the study are as follows:
1.
To
understand the relevance of Human Resources Management.
2.
To
determine how Human Resources Management help to improve the health care
sector.
3.
To
know the factors that could help to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of
Human Resources Management in the health sector.
4.
To
provide an insight on how Human Resources Management help in improving the
services rendered by health care providers and the effect on patients.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
1.
This
study will help the University
of Benin Teaching Hospital
and the general public to achieve effective Human Resources Management and
identify tools for developing the health care sector with a view of effecting
corrections for the progress of health services.
2.
The
study will enlighten the general public on the importance of Human Resources
Management in improving overall patient health outcomes and delivery of health
care services.
3.
It
will expose the role of Human Resources in the health care sector.
4.
To
provide a reading material on Human Resources Management for students of Health
Information Management and allied professions.
5.
To
provide research material for other researchers on related topics.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE
STUDY
The scope of the study is essentially on the University of Benin Teaching
Hospital, Benin City
and the subjects of the study are the Human Resource Personnel in U.B.T.H. The
information used for this research are generated using questionnaire. However,
the researcher obtained some information from secondary sources for the study.
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF
THE STUDY
Like every other study of this nature, this study
was bedevilled by certain constraints.
1.
The
time used for this research was short.
2.
The
researcher was limited by finance.
3.
The
irresponsiveness of the respondents was also a problem.
However, irrespective of the foregoing constraints,
frantic effort were made to ensure that the outcome of the project’s work meet
the quality it deserves.
1.7 DEFINITION OF
TERMS
1.
Human
Resources: People (employees)
that perform activities for which they were employed to do in an organization
to accomplish its objectives.
2.
Management:
This is the ability to manage
human and material resources to achieve expected goals. It is the process of
getting things done for, with people and through people.
3.
Development: This is the gradual growth of the health care
sector so that it become more advance, stronger etc. It has to do with
innovations that bring new changes occurring in the health sector through
training, education etc.
4.
Training: Training is the organizational effort aimed at
helping an employee to acquire basic skills required for the efficient
execution of the function for which he/she was employed.
5.
Selection: Is the process of choosing the most qualified
personnel from the numerous applicants who applied for employment in an
organization.
6.
Organization: An organization is the planned coordination of the
activities of a group of people for the achievement of some common goals or
purpose through division of labour, function and through hierarchy of authority
and responsibility.
7.
Strategy: A plan that is intended to achieve a particular purpose;
the process of planning something or putting a plan into operation in a
skillful way.
8.
Motivation: Motivation is an inner force which drives an
individual to a certain action. It may be positive (carrot) or negative
(stick). Without motivation, behavioural changes cannot expect to take place.
Motivation is not manipulation, a motivated person acts willingly and
knowingly.
9.
Hospital: A place where people that are sick or injured are
given medical treatment and care.
10.
Efficiency: The ability to perform a duty well with no waste of
time or money.
11.
Quality: The standard of health care in the hospital when it
is compared to other hospitals.
12.
Promotion: Is the reassignment of an individual to a job of
higher rank. It is the elevation of staff from one position to a higher one.
Recruitment: This is the process of attracting applicants with
the skills, knowledge and ability needed to achieve the organizational
objectives.
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